This study presents a process of constructing Social Vulnerability Index of flood (SVIoF) in Taiwan districts. The purpose of this study is to enrich the information for disaster mitigation or reduction in decision making process of official disaster manager or commander. The study includes several steps: (1)Identifying important social dimensions for calculation of SVIoF, such as a) maximum loss of households property; b) household resistance to flood disaster (self-protection of individual); c) households self-recovery ability (resilience and adjustment). (2) Collecting important variables to represent each dimension. (3)Standardizing those collected variables; (4)composite variables of each area into a SVIoF score, the result shows that the most vulnerable areas in Taiwan are east counties includes Taitung (台東縣) and Hualien (花蓮縣). the least vulnerable county is middle west county-Chiayi (嘉義縣). (5) application of SVIoF in Chiayi county. Using GIS to map the SVIoF score geographically and overlaying SVIoF layer and the inundation potential layer to produce the flood risk map. In the conclusion, this research constructs an index to estimate social vulnerability and provides social information to complete the whole idea of risk management. The commander has no longer made decisions only by physical situations (meteorology and rainfall) but also considers the social circumstances to modify his decisions or policies.

CHIANG,YI,I-CHIN、WU,CHIEH-YING, 2007, The Development and Analysis of Taiwan’sNatural Disaster Statistics Index System, Journal of Geographical Science,51:65-84.

LI,CHIU-HIS, 2005, Household Debris-flow disaster Damage Assessment in Taiwan, Master Thesis,Natural Resources and Environmental Management Institute,National Taipei University.

LIN,KUAN-HUI, 2004, Under global change Adaptation of research methods and methodology, "Global Change Newsletter Magazine",43:33-38.

LO,KUO-CHANG, 2003, The Residents’ Flood Perceptions and Adjustments: A Case Study in Xi-Zhi, Taipei County, Master Thesis,Environmental Resources Institute of Geography,National Taiwan University.

Adger, N. W., Brooks, N., Bentham, G., Agnew, M., Eriksen, S., 2004, New Indicators of Vulnerability and Adaptive Capacity, Norwich UK: Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research.

Brody, C. J., 1984, Differences by sex in support for nuclear power, Social Forces, 63: 209-228.

Carney, R. E., 1971, Risk taking behavior: Concepts, methods, and applications to smoking and drug abuse, Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas.

Clark, G., Moser, S., Ratick, S., Dow, K., Meyer, W., Emani, S., 1998, Assessing the Vulnerability of Coastal Communities to Extreme Storms: The Case of Revere, MA., USA, Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, 3(1): 59-82.

Chambers, R., 2006, Vulnerability, coping and policy, IDS bulletin, 37(4): 33-40.

Cutter, S. L., Boruff, B. J., Shirley, W. L., 2003, Social vulnerability to environmental hazards, Social Science Quarterly, 84(2): 242-260.

Cutter, S. L., Mitchell, J. T., Scott, M. S, 2000, Revealing the vulnerability of people and places: a case study of Georgetown county, South Carolina, Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 90(4): 713-737.

DeJoy, D., 1992, An examination of gender differences in traffic accident risk perception, Accident Analysis and Prevention, 24: 237-246.

Dilley, M. and Boudreau, T. E., 2001, Coming to terms with vulnerability: a critique of the food security definition, Food Policy, 26: 229-247.

Dwyer, A., Zoppou, C., Nielsen, O., Day, S., Roberts, S., 2004, Quantifying Social Vulnerability: A Methodology for Identifying those at Risk to Natural Hazards, Canberra: Geoscience Australia.

Fothergill, A., 1998, The neglect of gender in disaster work: An overview of the literature, The Gendered Terrain of Disaster: Through Women’s eyes, Praeger Publishers, Westport: CT.

Gutteling, J. M., & Wiegman, O., 1993, Gender-specific reactions to environmental hazards in the Netherlands, Sex Roles, 28: 433-447.

Gwartney-Gibbs, P. A., & Lach, D. H., 1991, Sex differences in attitudes toward nuclear war, Journal of Peace Research, 28: 161-174.

Haines, A. Valerie, Hurlbert, S. Jeanne, Beggs, J. John., 1996, Exploring the Determinants of Support Provision:Provider Characteristics, Personal Networks, Community Contexts, and Support Following Life Events, Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 37: 252-264.

Kaniasty, Krzysztof and Norris, H. Fran, 1995, In Search of Altruistic Community: Patterns of Social Support Mobilization Following Hurricane Hugo, American Journal of Community Psychology, 23(4): 447-477.

Kreps, G. A., 1984, Sociological Inquiry and Disaster Research, Annual Review of Sociology, 10: 309-330.

Messner, F. and Meyer, V., 2005, Flood damage, vulnerability and risk perception-challenges for flood damage research, Netherlands: Springer.

Morrow, B. H., 1999, Identifying and Mapping Community Vulnerability, Disasters, 23(1): 1-18.

McClure, J., Walkey, F., & Allen, M., 1999, When earthquake damage is seen as preventable: Attributions, locus of control and attitudes to risk, Applied Psychology: An International Review, 48: 239-256.

Ngo, B. E., 2001, When disasters and age collide: reviewing vulnerability of the elderly, Natural HazardsReview, 2(2): 80-88.

Pillisuk, M., & Acredolo, C., 1988, Fear of technological hazards: One concern or many?, Social Behavior, 3:17-24.

Rygel, L., O’Sullivan, D. and Yarnal, B., 2006, A method for constructing a social vulnerability index: an application to hurricane storm surges in a developed country, Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Change. 11(3): 741-764.

Slovic, P., 2000, The perception of risk. London, UK: Earthscan Publications Ltd.

Schneiderbauer, S. Ehrlich, D., 2004, Rick, Hazard and People’s Vulnerability to Natural Hazards-A Review of Difinations, Concepts and Data, Luxembourg: European Commission Joint Research Centre.

Steger, M. S., & Witte, S. L., 1989, Gender differences in environmental orientations: a comparison of publics and activists in Canada and the US, Western Political Quarterly, 42: 627-649.

Steinführer Annett, Tunstall, S., Tapsell S., Fernandez-Bilbao, A., 2007, Vulnerability and Flooding: A Re-analysis of FHRC Data, UK: European Community.

TurnerⅡ, B. L., Kasperson, R. E., Matson, P. A., McCarthy, J. J., Corell, R. W., Christensen, L., Eckley, N.,Kasperson, J. X., Luers, A., Martello, M. L., Polsky, C., Pulsipher, A. Schiller, A., 2003, A framework for vulnerability analysis in sustainability science, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America(PNAS), 100(14): 8074-8079.

Werritty, A., Houston, D., Ball, T., Tavendale, A. and Black, A., 2007, Exploring the Social Impacts of Flood Risk and Flooding in Scotland, Scotland: Scottish Executive.

Weinstein, N. D., Lyon, J. E., Rothman, A. J., & Cuite, C. L., 2000, Changes in perceived vulnerability following natural disaster, Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 19: 372-395.

The 921 earthquake had been through 10 years already. Now, it is a good chance to review these post-921 recovery policies whether they did achieve the goals that these policies were designed. The analysis from reviewing these policies would be very valuable for avoiding mistakes once similar disaster happens again. This paper applies public choice theory as the theoretical basis to conduct analyses how government were produced these post-disaster recovery policies by using the case of the Central Cross-Island Highway to observe the real policy-making processes after 921 Earthquake and 72 Flood in Taiwan. Findings shows that in the era of democratization, Taiwan's post-disaster recovery policy as like other public policies, cannot avoid from the influence from interest groups' lobbying, politicians and bureaucrats' preferences, which weighted their interests more than general public. Therefore, the government failure is very likely to happen in post-disaster recovery police. Government should focus on designing the policy-making process, which can be more comprehensively, considers the environment and the majority's interest and therefore reduce the environment risk.

http://tw.epochtimes.com/, 2004, Million tons of dangerous rock potential killer in central Taiwan, http://www.epochtimes.com/b5/4/7/7/n589180.htm，2004 年7 月7 日下載.

http://tw.epochtimes.com/, 2004, Governor Min Lee hit Taiwan causing heavy disaster - called on the review 『geologicalmethod which will return land to nature, man canconquer nature』 『Not applicable, http://www.epochtimes.com/b5/4/7/9/n591367.htm，2004 年7 月9 日下載.

http://www.cna.com.tw/, 2004, Central Cross-Island Highway repair? Local environmental groups claim arediscrepancies with the, http://news.yam.com/cna/politics/news/200407/200407310069.html，2004 年7 月31 日下載.

http://news.chinatimes.com/, 2000, Closing off of the proposed cross-mountainous areas in the population rebound, 2000 年5 月24 日A4 版.

http://news.chinatimes.com/, 2000, Guguan Residents: Save the tourism industry, 2000 年6 月4 日A6 版.

FANG,FU-CHIEN, 2000, Public choice theory - Political Economics, Beijing: China Renmin University Press.

http://www.pts.org.tw/, 2007, Independent Commissioner - 25 through the cross-forbidden, http://www.peopo.org/innews/post/5600，台北：財團法人公共電視文教基金會.

Taiwan Provincial Government, 2006, 921 Earthquake Post-Disaster Reconstruction Record, Nantou County: Taiwan Provincial Government.

Tourism - Mountain National Scenic Area, 2003, Lishan Scenic Area overall tourism development plan, Taipei: Taiwan Institute of Outdoor Recreation.

http://www.libertytimes.com.tw/2005/new/may/5/life/article-1.htm, 2004, President: Land development should live in peace with nature, http://www.libertytimes.com.tw/2004/new/jul/16/today-life1.htm，2004 年07 月16 日下載.

http://www.libertytimes.com.tw/2005/new/may/5/life/article-1.htm, 2004, In the slow repair of the Executive Yuan and Wang in the county of consensus, http://www.libertytimes.com.tw/2004/new/aug/10/today-life4.htm，2004 年8 月10 號下載.

LIN,KUO-CHING, 2005, Mountain agricultural development of the study, Taipei: Executive Yuan Council of Agriculture Research Report.

WU,HUI-LIN, 1990, e rough road to free market economy, Taipei: a culture of excellence.

HUNG,HUNG-CHIH、SHAO,PEI-CHUN, 2004, construction system and its use of mechanisms to review and establishment of research, Taipei: Disaster Prevention and Protection Commission, Executive Yuan Research Report.

HSU,HUANG-HSIUNG, 2009http://web1.nsc.gov.tw/ct.aspx?xItem=10273&ctNode=40&mp=1, "Scientific development",433:42-47.

HSU,YUN-HSIAO, 2006, Public choice theory, Beijing: Beijing University Press.

CHEN,HENG-CHUN, 2001, Groups into the policy network model of the historical process, "Public policy analysis theory and practice, " I committed, Guo Yu Ying, Chen Tun source editor, Taipei: Weber Culture.

CHEN,TUN-YUAN, 2002, Democracy and bureaucracy, Taipei: Weber Culture.

CHANG,SHUN-CHIAO, 1992, On the public choice, Economic Outlook Bimonthly ,22:158-168.

 Water Resources Planning Institute,Water Resources Agency, Ministry of Economic Affairs , 2005, http://www.wrap.gov.tw/Manasystem/Plans/Files/Plans/9612071633161_9420.大甲溪流域聯合整體治理規劃檢討.pdf, Taipei: Ministry of Economic Affairs.

2000, http://bbs.nsysu.edu.tw/txtVersion/treasure/mountain/M.997290825.A/M.1007223780.A/M.1007223791.ZA.html, 2000 年5 月28 日A6 版.

CHUNG,TING-MAO, 2004, Refuted in the horizontal section of the valley off to the Durkee reason to rehabilitation, "Eco-Taiwan ",5:17-21.

LO,CHIN-TSUNG, 2007, http://203.72.2.115/EJournal/3053000204.pdf, "South University: Science non-governmental organizations",2:71-92.

Anderson, T. and Leal, D., 1991, Free Market Environmentalism, San Francisco: Pacific ResearchInstitute for Public Policy.

Buchanan, J.M., and Tullock, G., 1962, The Calculus of Consent, Ann Arbor : The University of Michigan Press.

Buchanan, J.M., and Tullock, G., 1982, Towards a Theory of the Rent-Seeking Society, Austin: Texas A&M Press.

Coase, R. H., 1937, The nature of the firm, Economics, 4(2): 386-405.

Coase, R. H., 1988, The Firm, the Market, and the Law, Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Corrine, G., 1999, Becoming qualitative researchers: An introduction, 莊明貞、陳怡如譯,2005,「質性研究導論」，台北：高等教育文化.

Horwich, G., 2000, Economic lessons of the Kobe earthquake, Economic Development and Cultural Change, 48: 521-542.

John, P., 1998, Analysing Public Policy, New York: Continuum.

Lowi, T., 1972, Four Systems of Policy, Politics and Choice, Public Administration Review,32(4):298-310.

Migue, J.L., and Balaguer, G., 1974, Towards a General Theory of Managerial Discretion, Public Choice,17(1): 27-43.

Mileti, D.S., 1999, Disaster by Design: A Reassessment of Natural Hazards in the United States, Washington D.C.: Joseph Henry Press.

Mueller, D. C., 1989, Public Choice II, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Niskanen, W.A., 1971, Bureaucracy and Representative Government , Chicago: Aldine Atherton.

Niskanen,W.A., 1995, Bureaucrats and Public Economics, Edward Elgar, London.

North, D.C., 1990a, Institutions, Institutional Change and Economic Performance, Cambridge:Cambridge University Press

North, D.C., 1990b, A transaction cost theory of politics, Journal of Theoretical Politics, 2(4):355-367.

Olson, M., 1965, The Logic of Collection: public goods and the theory of groups, Cambridge, Mass:Harvard University Press.

Olson. M., 1982, The Rise and Decline of NationsNew Haven: Yale University Press.

Ostrom, V., 1989, The Intellectual Crisis in American Public AdministrationAlabama: The University of Alabama Press.

Ostrom, E., 1990, Governing the Commons , CambridgeCambridge University Press.

Patton, M.Q., 1990, Qualitative evaluation and research methodsNewbury Park CA:Sage.

Patton, M. Q., 2003, Qualitative evaluation and research methods(3rd) , 芝儀、李奉儒譯，2008，「質性研究與評鑑（上）」，嘉義：濤石文化.

Parker, D., Islam, N., and Chan, N.W.. 997, Reducing vulnerability following flood disaster: Issues and practices, in A. Awotona (Ed.), Reconstruction after disaster-issues and practice , England-Ashgate, 23-44.

Pennington, M., 1996, Conservation and the Countryside: By Quango or Market?, London: Institute of Economic Affair.

Pennington, M., 1999, Free Market Environmentalism and the Limits of Land Use Planning, Policy and Planning , 1(1): 43-62.

Pennington, M., 2000, Planning and the Political Market, London：Athlone Press.

Pennington, M., 2003, Free Market Environmentalism Versus Environmental Market Socialism: An Austrian Perspective on Institutional Choice＂, in L.W.C. Lai, and F.T. Lorne, (Ed.), Understanding and Implementing Sustainable Development , New York: Nova Sciences,.51-69.

Stevens J. B., 1993, The economics of collective choice, London: Westview.

Stigler, G.T., 1972, The law and economics of public policy: A plea to the scholars, Journal of legal studies, 1: 1-12.

Tullock, G., Seldon, A., and Brady, G. L., 2000, Government: Whose Obedient Servant? A Primer in Public Choic, London: Institute of Economic Affairs.

Williamson, O.E., 1975, Markets and Hierarchies, New York, Free Press.

Williamson, O.E., 1985, The Economic Institutions of Capitalism, New York, Free Press.

Yin, R.K., 1994, Case Study Research, London: Sage.

  IPCC AR4 indicates that the trend of climate change will be more likely and significant. The phenomenon and direction of trend include heavy precipitation events, intensive tropical cyclones, extreme incidences, etc. which could increase the risk and damage. The urban areas are more sensitive to these impacts because of the dense of population and activities. Therefore, the issue of disaster planning of urban area is becoming more important. According to the process proposed by ABRI, the factor of climate change has not integrated. The paper applies conjoint analysis to evaluate the effective adjustment for the urban disaster planning process. With the suggestion of process adjustment, a case plan of Ku-Shan is applied to illustrate the details of practical work.

Industrial Technology Research Institute, 2004, “http://www.tri.org.tw/unfccc/”., http://sd.erl.itri.org.tw/fccc/ch/ nc/ nc.htm，2009 年5 月15 日下載.

ZTE Engineering Consultants Co., Ltd., 2001, Climate change the impact of sea level rise on our assessment and, Taipei: Executive Yuan Environmental Protection Department commissioned.

HE,HO,MING-CHIN、LI,WEI-YI,I, 2000, Operational planning for urban disaster prevention manual compilation, Taipei: National Building Research Institute Research Project Report.

HE,HO,MING-CHIN、HUNG,HUNG-CHIH, 2007, Manual compilation of urban disaster prevention space systems, Taipei: National Building Research Institute.

LI,HAO, 2003, A Conjoint Analysis of Coastal Zone Management Systems in Taiwan, Master Thesis,Institute of Urban Planning,National Taipei University.

LI,WEI-YI,I、CHIEN,HSUEH-TAO、LI,HSIEN-HENG, 1997, Taipei City Planning for urban disaster prevention system, Taipei: Taipei City Government Bureau of Urban Development commissioned.

LIU,CHUNG-MING、WU,MING-CHIN、LIN,SHU-HUA、CHEN,YING-CHEN、YANG,YIN-TING、LIN,WEI-HSIANG、TSENG,YU-HENG、CHEN,CHENG-TA, 2008, The Impact Assessment of Climate Change in Taiwan, Taipei: Taiwan University, Center for Global Change Research.

TUNG,TUNG-CHING、TSENG,KUO-CHEN、YANG,YI,I-SHENG, 2008, Kaohsiung and Keelung and analysis of long-term sea level change, "Republic of China the 30th Ocean Engineering Symposium Proceedings, " New York:Jiaotong University.

HSU,HUANG-HSIUNG, 2003, Comfortable with climate change, "Caretaker Taiwan ", 5 (4): 4-13.

FENG,CHENG-MIN、CHAN,SHIH-LIANG、PAI,JEN-TE、CHEN,YEN-CHUNG、KANG,CHAO-TSUNG, 2008, The National Land Planning on Globalization and Climate Change, Taipei: National Science Council Research Project.

CHAN,SHIH-LIANG、HE,HO,MING-CHIN、CHANG,PEI-JU、LIN,YU-TZU、HUANG,KUO-CHING, 2009, Under climate change, spatial planning of urban disaster prevention and response, "Climate change theory Cong",2:1-11.

HSIAO,CHING-KAI、PAN,LI-YI,I、CHIU,TAI-YING, 2000, A Study on the Preference of Farmland Resources in Taiwan, Tunghai Journal,41:161-174.

Branch, M. C., 1998, Comprehensive Planning for the 21st Century, CA: Praeger Publishers.

Communities and Local Government, UK, 2006, Planning Policy Statement: Planning and ClimateChange: Supplement to Planning Policy Statement, UK: Communities and Local Government Publications.

IHDP, 2005, Urbanization and Global Environment Change, U.S: International Human Dimensions Programme on Global Environmental Change.

Keeney, R.L. and Raiffa, H., 1993, Decisions with Multiple Objectives, London: Cambridge University Press.

Marttila, V., H. Granholm, J. Laanikari, T. Yrjölä, A. Aalto, P. Heikinheimo, J. Honkatuki, H. Järvinen, J.Liski, R. Merivirta and M. Paunio, 2005, Finland’s National Strategy for Adaptation to Climate Change, Finland: Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry of Finland, Helsinki.

Satterthwaite, D., 2008, Climate Change and Urbanization : effects and implications for urban governance, United Nation:United Nations Secretariat.

The World Bank, 2008, Sustainable Development-East Asia and Pacific Region, http://blogs.worldbank.org/eastasiapacific/, (May 20, 2009).

The World Bank Disaster Management Facility, 2003, Building Safer Cities: The Future of Disaster Risk, http://blogs.worldbank.org/, (May 20, 2009).

 Laws and acts related to disaster prevention urban planning in Taiwan focus on "egulations to Implement Comprehensive Review of Urban Planning" nd "isaster Prevention Regulations" promulgated in 2000. Although the contents show the local government should set about planning for urban disasters prevention and establish regional disaster prevention program. However, these laws and acts always lack specific regulations on how to fulfill spatial planning for township disasters prevention. When comprehensively reviewing urban planning, integrated strategies of land utilization and spatial development can't be concretely proposed for the regional development, land utilization and promotion of disaster prevention. In this paper, we selected Jhubei, Hsinchu County as demonstration region of spatial system planning for urban disasters prevention to collect related data of disaster prevention urban at Jhubei, establish database, land utilization and facility investigation, including related land investigation, collection of statistic data from government, investigation and simple evaluation of disaster prevention facilities as well as related questionnaire and interview. Meanwhile, we planned spatial system planning for urban disasters prevention and draw related planning diagrams at Jhubei; according to the estimation of disaster prevention facilities and current situation of resources supply, spatial system planning for urban disasters prevention is planned to include: disaster prevention route, evacuation, fire control, police, medical treatment and collection and distribution of commodities, describing the planning contents in preparation of disaster prevention urban and land utilization or urban planning strategies.

HE,HO,MING-CHINHU、HUNG,HUNG-CHIH, 2004, Urban earthquake disaster prevention space system, Taipei: National Building Research Institute Report.

HE,HO,MING-CHINHU、HUNG,HUNG-CHIH, 2007, disaster prevention manual space systems,  Building Research Institute Ministry of the Interior.

HE,HO,MING-CHINHU、CHANG,YI,I-SA,       2003, Disaster- Prevention Planning of the Urban Shelter Space System- Jung He as an Example, Taipei: National Building Research Institute.

HE,HO,MING-CHINHU、CHANG,YI,I-SA、CHEN,CHIEN-CHUNG,  2005, Okayama town of urban disaster prevention space system demonstration project, Taipei: National Building Research Institute Report

HE,HO,MING-CHINHU、HUANG,TING-KUO, 1997, Urban plan of disaster prevention planning operation, Taipei: National Building Research Institute.

LI,WEI-YI,I、CHIEN,HSUEH-TAO、LI,HSIEN-HENG , 1997, aipei City Planning for urban disaster prevention system, Taipei: Taipei City Government Bureau of Urban Development.

CHANG,YI,I-SAN、TSAI,PO-CHUAN, 2002, Management System in Urban Disaster Prevention & Rescue with Befitting Size of Refuge Rings－A Case Study of Chia -Yi City., Planning,Thesis, Institute of Urban ,Kung University, Master.

CHEN,LIANG-CHUAN、HUNG,HUNG-CHIH、CHAN,SHIH-LIANG、CHIEN,CHANG-YI,I      ., 2003, AN APPLICATION OF EARTHQUAKE RISK-BENEFIT ANALYSIS IN LAND USE PLANNING: USING HAZ-TAIWAN SYSTEM , "City and Planning",30:281-299.

CHEN,CHIEN-CHUNG、SUNG,LI-YAO、HUANG,CHIH-HUNG      , 2005, Urban Spatial Planning for Hazard Prevention: The Case of Hsinchuang City, Taipei: National Building Research Institute

CHEN,CHIEN-CHUNG、HUNG,HUNG-CHIH, 2005, Longtan, Taoyuan County, Shek Mun, Area Urban Disaster Prevention Planning Demonstration Project Space Systems, Taipei: National Building Research Institute Special Research Program report on the outcome.

HSU,MING-CHEN、LIN,YEN-CHOU, 2001, Study on residents'' cognitions of park disaster-prevention functions and evacuation tendency, "City and Planning", 28 (2) :237-251.

YEH,SHIH-WEN、WANG,SHENG-MING, 2005, Urban Spatial Planning for Hazard Prevention: The Case of Taitung City, Taipei: National Building Research Institute.

Hsinchu County, 2008, Hsinchu County Disasters Reduction Plan, Hsinchu County: Hsinchu County Government.

CHI,YI,I-HUI, 1998, A Study of Evaluated Norm for Disaster Prevention, Taipei: National Building Research Institute

HSIEH,CHENG-YING、WU,HSIN-YI,I, 2002, Planning and Establishing Urban Precaution Living Perimeters — A Case Study on the Earthquake Hazard in Taichung City, Master Thesis,Institute of Architecture and Urban Planning,Feng Chia University.

HSIAO,CHIANG-PI、CHANG,YI,I-SAN, 2000, Establishment of Urban Disaster Prevention Planning And Improvement＆ Management plan in Local Government Levels, Taipei: National Building Research Institute.

TAI,YUN-PIN、CHIANG,CHUNG-CHENG        , 2004, Community shelter population survey of behavioral characteristics, Master Thesis,Department of Architecture and Urban Planning,Chung Hua University.

Adger, W. N., 2006, Vulnerability, Global Environmental Change, 16: 268-281.

Australia Government, 1999, Disaster Countermeasures, Cooperation and Education, Emergency Management, Australia: Australia Government.

Burby, R. J., French, S. P. and Nelson, A., 1998, Plans, code enforcement, and damage reduction:Evidence from Northridge earthquake, Earthquake Spectra, 14: 59-74.

Cutter, S., Mitchell, J. T. and Scott, M. S.       , 2000, Revealing the vulnerability of people and places: A case study of Georgetown County, South Carolina, Annuals of the Association of American Geographers, 90: 713-737.

Davidson, R. A., Zhao, H. and Kumar, V., 2003, Quantitative model to forecast changes in hurricane vulnerability of regional building inventory, Journal of Infrastructure Systems, 9: 55-64.

Hung, H. C. and Chen, L. C., 2007, The application of seismic risk-benefit analysis to land-use planning in Taipei City, Disasters, 31: 256-276.

Nelson, A. C. and French, S. P., 2002, Plan quality and mitigating damage from natural disasters: A case study of the Northridge earthquake with planning policy considerations, Journal of the American Planning Association, 68: 194-207.

New Zealand Government, 1999, Managing Disaster In Wellington, New Zealand: New Zealand Government.

NIBS, 1999, HAZUS Earthquake Loss Estimation Methodology, Technical Manual prepared by the Na-tional Institute of Buildings Sciences: Federal Emergency Management Agency.

Nirupama, N. and Simonovic, S. P., 2007, Increase of flood risk due to urbanisation: A Canadian example, Natural Hazards, 40: 25-41.

Olshansky, R. B., 2001, Land use planning for seismic safety: The Los Angles County experience,1971-1994, Journal of the American Planning Association, 67: 173-185.

Uitto, J. I., 1998, The geography of disaster vulnerability in megacities: A theoretical framework, Applied Geography, 18: 7-16.